For All The Latest Medical News, Health News, Research News, COVID-19 News, Dengue News, Glaucoma News, Diabetes News, Herb News, Phytochemical News, Cardiology News, Epigenetic News, Cancer News, Doctor News, Hospital News

BREAKING NEWS

Latest articles

COVID-19 News - Immunodeficiency  Jan 24, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: The German Federal Minister Karl Lauterbach has issued a warning that exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus will lead to an incurable SARS-CoV-2 immunodeficiency condition and that repeated reinfection will also deplete and worsen the immune system! https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Lauterbach-warnt-vor-unheilbarer-Immunschwaeche-durch-Corona-article23860527.html   https://germany.d...
COVID-19 News - Genomic Surveillance  Jan 23, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: We are currently in a very dangerous phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and its time that the WHO and also health authorities of various countries wake up!   Genomic surveillance is dropping and many countries are submitting fewer samples for genomic screening and uploading data on global sharing platforms like GISAID and worse many are also conducting sequencing less frequently!...
COVID-19 News - Alterations Of Circulating Peptidome   Jan 23, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study by researchers from the University of Piemonte Orientale – Italy and Sant’Andrea Hospital – Italy has found that SARS-CoV-2 infections leads to alterations of the circulating peptidome. Circulating peptides are involved and play a critical role in many cellular and physiological functions and passively diffuse through cell membranes and epithelial ba...
COVID-19 News - East Asian Variants - China - Japan  Jan 22, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: The SARS-CoV-2 East Asian variants BF.7.14, BF.7.15, BF.5.1, BF.5.2, BA.5.2.48, BA.5.2.49 and the latest BA.5.2.50 are continuing to wreak havoc not in China and Japan but have also started new rise of infections in Taiwan, South Korea and Hong Kong and it its expected that many South East Asia countries especially those promoting their countries as tourist destinations to the Chine...
COVID-19 News - XBB.1.5 Fizzling Out  Jan 22, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While there has been so much undue commotion about the XBB.1.5 variant generated by certain 'virologists' and variant trackers especially one from Canada seeking fame and also by a certain American Chinese drama queen ‘epidemiologists’ from the U.S., latest emerging data is showing that the XBB.1.5 surge is gradually 'dying off' in the United States, Unit...
U.S. Medical News - New Strain Of Drug-Resistant Gonorrhea  Jan 21, 2023  2 years ago
U.S. Medical News: Health authorities in Massachusetts, United States on Thursday reported two cases of patients with a novel strain of gonorrhea that exhibited drug resistance to all current antibiotics available. Though there are other such strains of drug resistance gonorrhea strains in the United Kingdom and also parts Asia pacific, this is the first strain to date that was seemingly aggressiv...
COVID-19 News - Repetitive Boosters Causes Immune Tolerance   Jan 20, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study by researchers from Chongqing Medical University-China and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University- China has found that repetitive COVID-19 booster shots cause humoral and cellular immune tolerance in mice!   The repetitive applications of vaccine boosters have been brought up in face of continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with neutr...
COVID-19 News - Risk Of Cardiovascular Deaths  Jan 19, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study by researchers from the University of Hong Kong has found that all post COVID individuals have an increased risk of death from cardiovascular issues for at least 18 months after infection or even longer!   The study that involved nearly 160,000 participants showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections irrespective being asymptomatic or even mildly or moderately symptomatic, ...
COVID-19 News - Oxysterols And Acylcarnitines - Disease Severity  Jan 18, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study by Saudi scientist from King Abdulaziz University and King Abdulaziz University Hospital has found that SARS-CoV-2 infections lead to the buildup of oxysterols in erythrocytes and also the accumulation of acylcarnitines, both of which can be toxic and damaging to the host cells, contributing to disease severity.   Oxysterols are the oxidation products of cholester...
COVID-19 News - XBB.1.5 - CH.1.1 - CA.3.1 - Fusogenic  Jan 18, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study led by researchers from Ohio State University-USA has found that the current SARS-CoV-2 subvariants that are predominant in circulation in various parts of the world ie XBB.1.5 alias Kraken, CH.1.1 and CA.3.1 are far more fusogenic than the BA.2 variant with the potential to increase the risk of disease severity in those infected!   Worryingly, the study also foun...
COVID-19 News - WHO New Guidelines  Jan 17, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: With the current COVID-19 crisis emerging to be more bleak despite concealments and cover ups by government and health authorities and fake news dissemination by mainstream media like the BBC and members of its ‘Trusted News’ Initiative, the WHO has issued new guidelines for the COVID-19 pandemic including masking and a isolation period of 10 days for those that are infe...
COVID-19 News - East Asian Variants - BF.7.15 - BA.5.2.48 - BA.5.2.49 - BF.5.1 - BF.5.2  Jan 17, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: There are some ignorant researchers and experts on twitter and on other garbage mainstream media claiming that the variants circulating in China have been in circulation in other countries before and that as a result of previous exposure during the BA.5 surges or exposure to these past BF or BA.5.2 sub-lineages, most would be protected from the Chinese variants.   This is com...
COVID-19 News - Antibodies-Safe?  Jan 16, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Pardon my ignorance and stupidity but was the human body developed to be able to withstand the frequent and sudden boost of antibodies by frequent COVID-19 jabs and boosters for a particular antigen like 2 to 4 times a year or even to deal with the antibodies elicited by constant infections or reinfections now that we have having continuous onslaught by various emerging SARS-CoV-2 v...
Long COVID-19 News - Immune Dysfunction  Jan 16, 2023  2 years ago
Long COVID News: A new study by researchers from The Kirby Institute at the University of New South Wales-Australia, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales-Australia, University of Melbourne-Australia and Monash University-Australia has found that immune dysfunction persists for up to 8 months after initial mild or moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection!   There has been growing ...
Long COVID News - Post COVID Chronic Coughs- Cure  Jan 15, 2023  2 years ago
Long COVID News: Chronic coughs is a constant issue seen in many post-COVID individuals and unknown to many, the reason behind this is a secondary upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) known as Chronic Epipharyngitis caused as a result of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing the epipharyngeal mucosa to become inflamed.   Chronic epipharyngitis is considered a residual immune response...
COVID-19 News - China - COVID-19 Deaths  Jan 15, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Only stupids and dimwits would believe anything that originates from Chinese health or government agencies! They have lost any credibility since the SARS-CoV-2 crisis first started as they have never been truthful about anything. But the again they are not much different from the health and government authorities from countries like the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, New ...
COVID-19 News - Japan  Jan 14, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Japan, one of the few countries that boast high vaccination and booster rates involving the mRNA vaccines from the West is going through an unprecedented COVID-19 crisis as death rates continue to rise since November 2022, with more than 503 COVID-19 deaths reported in the last 24 hours according to official sources. https://covid19.mhlw.go.jp/extensions/public/en/index.html   ...
COVID-19 News - hypoalbuminemia  Jan 14, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new meta-analysis study by researchers from Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou-China and  Mei-Zhu Hong, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou-China on the liver chemistries of severe or non-severe patients of COVID-19 has revealed interesting in...
COVID-19 News - New SARS-CoV-2 Variants  Jan 14, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 Updates: Yes, more good news emerging which will make Gates, Fauci, Obama, Schwab, Dazak and DARPA proud of their achievements as the new emerging SARS-CoV-2 subvariants and sub-lineages are the perfect tools to keep population control in check without causing the stupid masses to panic or react.   Unlike the earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants like the wildtype Wuhan variant or the Alpha ...
COVID-19 News - East Asian Variants - BF.7.14, BF.7.15, BF.5.1, BF.5.2  Jan 13, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While the ignorant Western media along with garbage Indian news sites are sensationalizing the XBB.1.5 variant which has also been stupidly named as the Kraken variant after a mythological Nordic sea monster by some twitter Canadian ‘expert’, many other virologists, immunologists, medical researchers and health authorities have also joined the bandwagon and are only focu...
COVID-19 News - United Kingdom  Jan 13, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While British health analytical firm Airfinity is busy making projections about death rates in China, the company along with members of the dodgy BBC media and unethical members of Trusted News Initiative that includes Reuters and Associated Press helping to disseminate such news, none of them of covered about the catastrophic COVID-19 crisis that has been unfolding in the United Ki...
Source: COVID-19 News - Excess Deaths -UK  Jan 12, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While the government and health authorities in UK have been busy finding ways to either conceal or manipulate data with regards to the daily COVID-19 infections, hospitalization and deaths, recent reports from the Office of National Statistics (ONS) are showing that excess death rates in the United Kingdom is rising at a very exponential phase.   In December 2022 alone, for t...
Outbreak News: Avian Flu H5N6  Jan 12, 2023  2 years ago
Outbreak News: Scientist are warning that more sporadic cases of human infections of avian flu H5N6 can be expected in 2023 after cases emerged in Ecuador and China.   H5N6 is a subtype of the species Influenza A virus, often referred to as bird flu virus as it typically infects birds, chickens and other fowl. Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, mucous, and feces.   The H5N6...
COVID-19 Drugs - N-Acetylcysteine or NAC  Jan 12, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 Drugs: A new study by Italian researchers have found that NAC or N-Acetylcysteine is not only an effective antiviral agent against all of the SARS-CoV-2 variants but also has immunomodulatory properties that can help prevent disease severity.   Thailand Medical News had as early as April 2020 written about the benefits of taking NAC or N-Acetylcysteine supplements to help prevent C...
COVID-19 News - Pneumomediastinum  Jan 11, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Yet again, but this time by researchers from UK, Pakistan and Qatar, are reporting clinical cases of patients with COVID-19 manifesting pneumomediastinum or mediastinal emphysema that can contribute to respiratory failure.   Pneumomediastinum, also known as mediastinal emphysema, is a condition in which air is present in the mediastinum (the space in the chest between th...
COVID-19 News - Chinese Vectors  Jan 11, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Forget about the COVID-19 catastrophe unfolding in China at the moment as the sudden relaxing of travel restrictions are now driving millions of sick and SARS-CoV-2 infected Chinese to not only seek treatment in countries that are desperate for the tourist dollar but also to seek out medical supplies, drug and other essential stocks, in the process helping to spread the COVID-19 dis...
COVID-19 News - BF.7.14 - BA.5.2.48 - BA.5.2.49  Jan 11, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While some of the European, Canadian researchers and variant trackers and one Chinese researcher who is hoping to get political asylum in the West eventually, are over hyping the XBB.1.5 variant which the same ‘group of racist boy bullies’ have named as the Kraken variant after a mythological Nordic sea monster (If Thailand Medical News does something like that, some bas...
Medical News - Cervical Cancer  Jan 10, 2023  2 years ago
Researchers from University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center – Sacramento have shockingly found that more women aged 65 and above are dying from cervical cancer. This occurrence is not just being witnessed in California or United States alone but also globally as well. Among the many reasons contributing to this occurrence is the current screening and follow up guidelines. &...
COVID-19 News - BF Variant  Jan 10, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While researchers, experts and health authorities in many parts of the world are claiming that new Omicron variants, sub-lineages and recombinant variants that are currently in circulation are not as pathogenic and serious as the Delta variants, in the last few weeks we are witnessing the incidence of COVID-19 associated pneumonia rising in many parts of the world.   During t...
COVID-19 News - XBL Recombinant Variant - Malaysia - Hantu Besar  Jan 09, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Yet another worrisome variant has been identified, this time in Malaysia in the last 48 hours. Virologist and variant trackers have designated the name XBL for this new recombinant variant that is believed to involve the variants XBB.1 and BA.2.75. https://cov-spectrum.org/explore/World/AllSamples/Past6M/variants?aaMutations=ORF1a%3AS1221L%2CS%3AF486P&nucMutations=G3446A%2CA2037...
COVID-19 News - China - Variants - West  Jan 08, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: The way that current COVID-19 pandemic is being handled by so called ‘experts’ is really laughable and mankind is really going to pay for hefty price if nothing is done fast. 2023 is indeed going to be a fun year by the way things are unfolding.   Because of the incompetency of many ‘experts’ and authorities coupled with the pseudo and fake science tha...
Strep A News - Australia - UK - Canada  Jan 07, 2023  2 years ago
Strep A News: To date, although only 151 people have died from Strep A infections including 39 children in the United Kingdom in this ongoing Winter surge that started in late September 2022, more than 35,616 cases have already been recorded and a lot more are under investigation or pending laboratory reports. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ukhsa-update-on-scarlet-fever-and-invasive-group-a-st...
COVID-19 News - China's BF.71.4 Variant and BA.5.2..48 Variant - Pneumonia  Jan 07, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: New worrisome data is indicating that the new BF.7 variant in China spotting the spike mutation C1243F and a variety of new BA.5.2 sub-lineages are driving pneumonia and ARDS in many infected patients not just those in the vulnerable groups. (The aged, the young, the obese, the immunocompromised, those with existing comorbidities such as diabetes high blood pressure, kidney and hear...
COVID-19 News - XBB.1.5 Symptoms  Jan 06, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While many so called ‘experts’ claim that XBB.1.5 symptoms and clinical manifestations are similar to previous Omicron variants, we are finding based on data collated from online searches, reported observations by clinicians in New York, Connecticut, New Jersey and Massachusetts and also from various reports by individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 from these four...
COVID-19 News - Australia  Jan 06, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Readers have to understand that we are currently living in the worst of times as those controlling the COVID-19 narratives are controlling Governments and mainstream media and only allowing the release of  data and news that benefits them and their agenda… which is to basically to hoodwink the ignorant masses that the COVID-19 shots and boosters prevents disease severity...
COVID-19 News- Japan - XBF - BF.7 -BF.5  Jan 06, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: while the world is more focused on COVID-19 catastrophe unfolding China, worried about the American variant XBB.1.5 and also concerned about the collapse of the NHS in UK due to the COVID-19 surge…what is brewing in Japan that seems to be showing no respite has been largely ignored by the Western mainstream media and also virologist and variant trackers!   Since late N...
COVID-19 News - XBB.1.5 - BF.7 - BA.5.2  Jan 06, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: While some stupids named XBB.1.5 as Kraken, a legendary frightful sea-monster of enormous size said to appear off the coasts of Norway to instill fear in the masses and was surprisingly adopted by many hypocritical virologists and variant trackers who in the past accused Thailand Medical News of being a fear monger (White racist hypocrites always have double standards!), people shou...
COVID-19 News - SARS-CoV-NSP2   Jan 05, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study by researchers from Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK has discovered that the SARS-CoV-2 encoded non-structural protein 2 (NSP2) enhances microRNA-mediated translational repression.   It is already known that most viruses utilize miRNAs to impair the host antiviral immune system and facilitate viral infection by expressing their own miRNAs or co-opting...
COVID-19 News - Essential Oils - Post COVID  Jan 05, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Racist white Westerners particularly those form the United Kingdom, United States, Germany and Switzerland always tend to think that only their medical news sites and their experts are the only reliable sources of medical information but ironically and deservingly, most of the countries with the highest COVID-19 deaths and also from other common diseases tend to be in their own coun...
COVID-19 News - XBB.1.5 Is Not SARS-CoV-3  Jan 05, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Ever since WHO gave updates about the XBB.1.5 variant, the ignorant masses are once again listening to a certain character from the NECSI claiming that XBB.1.5 is so distantly different from SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 with many of his dumb followers (Note: Having a degree or a post-grad does not mean one is smart…many of them are just as dumb as hell!) now calling for XBB.1.5 ...
COVID-19 News - SARS-CoV-2 Small RNAs  Jan 04, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Scientist from John Hopkins University-USA along with researchers from the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-Germany along with Heidelberg Biolabs GmbH-Germany have discovered the presence of distinct and unique viral short RNAs in the SARS-CoV-2 RNA transcriptome and this new startling discovery could have major ramifications in terms in what ...
Thailand COVID-19 News - Chinese Travelers  Jan 04, 2023  2 years ago
Thailand COVID-19 News: Thailand should not join other countries in discriminating against Chinese travelers as quiet honestly it serves no purpose as the country has already let tens of thousands of tourists from other countries facing COVID-19 onslaughts and new SARS-CoV-2 variants and sub-lineages including tourists and travelers from the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, South Korea an...
COVID-19 News- New Omicron Subvariants - ORF8 mutations  Jan 03, 2023  2 years ago
COVID1-9 News: A new study conducted by researchers from the Department of Immunobiology and the Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology at Yale School of Medicine-USA has found that the Omicron subvariants are evolving to further escape the human host immune system by sprouting new mutations on the ORF8 proteins to help the virus escape from MHC-1 recognition.   Various ...
COVID-19 News - XBB1.5- BF.7  Jan 03, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: We now have media and so called ‘experts’ claiming that the XBB.1.5 variant is mild or that even the BF.7 variant and its various emerging sub-lineages from China are mild and there is no cause for worry! https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/xbb-1-5-tally-up-to-5-says-insacog-patients-show-mild-symptoms/articleshow/96692874.cms   (Also Google: Experts Urge End ...
COVID-19 News -America Entering Hyperendemic Phase  Jan 03, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: The United States is entering a worrisome hyperendemic phase as emerging data is showing that the COVID-19 positivity data in many states across the country is now exceeding more than 50 percent and considering that there is not much testing done coupled with the fact the current rapid antigen test kits used by many are no longer that reliable, the actual rates could be much higher....
COVID-19 News - SARS-CoV-2 Causes Psychosis  Jan 02, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Italian researchers based on their study findings and also from data collated from two documented clinical cases studies are warning that SARS-CoV-2 infections can also lead to the new onset of psychosis.   Psychosis is a multifactorial condition that typically involves delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought, speech or behavior.   Typical as with many other ...
Research News  Jan 02, 2023  2 years ago
An interesting claim has been made by a medical professional in California that says that all COVID-19 shots and jab research were flawed as they did not address the issue about the transportation mechanism of the produced antibodies to the site where they are most needed ie the lung alveolar sacs.   According to Dr Joseph Lee’s claims, the COVID-19 antibodies are molecules that weigh...
COVID-19 News - UK COVID-19 Crisis  Jan 01, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: The COVID-19 crisis has reached a catastrophic point in the United Kingdom that reflects the country is even in a far worse off position than China!   The WHO should also urgently intervene and also request the British government to be more transparent as there has been no COVID-19 deaths being reported for the past few days now despite the fact that daily symptomatic COVID-1...
COVID-19 News - SARS-CoV-2 Causes Monocytes To Become Dysfunctional  Jan 01, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study led by researchers from Imperial College London has shown that SARS-CoV-2 infections causes monocytes which are part of the innate immune system to become dysfunctional as a result of transcriptional reprogramming which also makes them adopt a pro-thrombotic signature.   Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell. They are the largest type of leukocyte ...
COVID-19 News - Frequent Boosters - Humoral Immunity Tolerance  Jan 01, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: A new study led by researchers from Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University-China involving mice models have found that extended course of recombinant receptor binding domain (RBD) vaccine boosters actually leads to humoral immune tolerance instead of functional humoral immunity and also impairs serum neuralization activity along with i...
New York COVID-19 News  Jan 01, 2023  2 years ago
New York COVID-19 News: While daily COVID-19 infections seem to be decreasing in New York, possible due to lack of testing and also due to the holidays, hospitalization rates are going up. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html   https://projects.thecity.nyc/2020_03_covid-19-tracker/   The XBB.1.5 variant is the leading predominant variant in the United S...
COVID-19 News - 2023 SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Sublineages  Jan 01, 2023  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Inspired by the morons in mid-September of 2022 that said that the COVID-19 pandemic is over, the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages accelerated their phase of convergent evolution and started spawning sub-lineages with carefully chosen mutations that not only enhanced its transmissibility and infectivity but also increased its immune evasiveness. https://www.npr.org/2022/09/19/1123767437/...
COVID-19 News - UK SARS-CoV-2 And NHS Crisis  Dec 31, 2022  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: In the past few days, since Thailand Medical News first broke the warning about the possible impact from Chinese travelers after the relaxation of travel measures by Chinese authorities and also about the lack of genomic sequencing data from China, the Western mainstream media has only been focusing on various issues on China but have failed to report about the unfolding COVID-19 cr...
COVID-19 News -China - New Omicron Sublineages - Lungs - White Spots  Dec 31, 2022  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: All over China, many infected with the current circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants are manifesting the typical glass opacities in lung X-rays or scans that were witnessed during the early outbreaks involving either the original Wuhan wildtype strain or the Delta variant. Many are also developing pneumonia and ARDS and while a majority recover over time, some unfortunately die within day...
Source: COVID-19 News -China - Genomic Sequencings  Dec 30, 2022  2 years ago
COVID-19 News: Due to pressure from the WHO and mounting comments from governments from various countries, Chines government scientists from Shanghai dumped a huge number of SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences on GISAID in the last 12 hours, with many resembling common variants found elsewhere including typical BF.7 and BA.5.2 variants. https://gisaid.org/   Many other international researchers re...

MOST READ

Nov 05, 2024  19 days ago
Nikhil Prasad
Jul 25, 2024  4 months ago
Nikhil Prasad
Jul 24, 2024  4 months ago
Nikhil Prasad
Jun 10, 2023  1 year ago
COVID-19 News - DNA Methylation - Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections
Aug 04, 2022  2 years ago
Source: Medical News - SARS-CoV-2 & Cancer

Interesting Reads

Nikhil Prasad
Oct 21, 2024  1 month ago
Nikhil Prasad
Oct 02, 2024  2 months ago
Nikhil Prasad
Jul 23, 2024  4 months ago
Nikhil Prasad
Jun 22, 2024  5 months ago
COVID-19 News - Head And Neck Cancers - By Nikhil P & Kittisak M
Feb 02, 2023  2 years ago
Source: Nitric Oxide and COVID-19
Jun 15, 2020  5 years ago
Source: COVID-19 Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic
Jun 14, 2020  5 years ago
Source: Myocardial Injury
Jun 09, 2020  5 years ago