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Source: Institute of Cancer Research, London Mar 10, 2019 6 years ago
Precision cancer drugs called PARP inhibitors have a previously unknown ability to boost the immune system, and could help many more patients benefit from immunotherapy, a new study reveals.
Scientists found that PARP inhibitors sparked a powerful immune response when used against cancer cells with weaknesses in repairing their DNA.
The study changes our understanding of how PARP inhibito...
Source: Columbia University, Irving Medical Center Mar 10, 2019 6 years ago
Researchers at the Columbia University College of Dental Medicine have determined how F. nucleatum-- a common oral bacteria often implicated in tooth decay -- accelerates the growth of colon cancer.
The findings could make it easier to identify and treat more aggressive colon cancers. It also helps explain why some cases advance far more quickly than others, thanks to the same bacter...
Source: NRG Oncology, Pennsylvania Feb 17, 2019 6 years ago
The NRG Oncology clinical study NRG-RTOG 0415 determined that a hypofractionated radiotherapy schedule (H-RT), a treatment schedule that delivers a total dose of radiotherapy over a shorter period of time, is not worse than the conventional radiotherapy schedule (C-RT) in terms of bowel, bladder, sexual, and general quality of life (QOL) as well as anxiety and depression for men with low risk pros...
Source: ETH Zurich University Feb 15, 2019 6 years ago
In recent years, the number of targeted cancer drugs has continued to rise. However, conventional chemotherapeutic agents still play an important role in cancer treatment. These include platinum-based cytotoxic agents that attack and kill cancer cells. But these agents also damage healthy tissue and cause severe side effects. Researchers at ETH Zurich have now identified an approach that allows fo...
Source: University of Cambridge/ University of Leicester Feb 13, 2019 6 years ago
A blood test has been developed that could save countless lives by improving early detection of lung cancer. The test measures circulating DNA that is shed by cancer cells as they grow and multiply. Scientists believe it could predict the presence of low-grade tumours in the lungs long before they become a threat.
New research led by scientists at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Toxico...
Source: The Institute of Cancer Research, London Feb 10, 2019 6 years ago
A brand new type of cancer drug that acts as a ‘Trojan horse’ to get inside tumour cells has shown promise in patients with six different cancer types.
In patients with advanced, drug-resistant cancers, over a quarter with cervical and bladder tumours, and nearly 15 per cent with ovarian and lung tumours, responded to the new treatment.
The innovative new drug, called tisotumab ved...
Source: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Feb 03, 2019 6 years ago
Researchers at Universitätsmedizin Berlin have discovered a protective mechanism which is used by the body to protect intestinal stem cells from turning cancerous. The body's innate immune system was found to play a pivotal role in this regard. The researchers were able to demonstrate that, rather than having a purely defensive role, the immune system is crucial in maintaining a healthy b...
Source: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Jan 25, 2019 6 years ago
A team of researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College used genetic testing of cells found in cerebrospinal fluid to track certain brain tumors. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group describes tests they conducted with cancer patients and analysis of their cerebrospinal fluid, and what they found.
Doctors who treat patients w...
University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences Jan 18, 2019 6 years ago
UCLA researchers have developed the first technique for turning certain stem cells into mature T cells capable of fighting cancer.
The university announced on January 17th 2019, that its scientists had developed a technique for coaxing pluripotent stem cells – which can create cell in the body and be grown in a lab – into T cells that can attack tumors.
Immun...
Source: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Jan 12, 2019 6 years ago
Researchers have identified a new potential immunotherapy target in pancreatic cancer, which so far has been notoriously resistant to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade drugs effective against a variety of other cancers.
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center research team found overexpression of the immune checkpoint VISTA on immune cells, especially macrophages, that infiltr...
Source: University Health Network Jan 08, 2019 6 years ago
A clinical-scientific team specializing in head-and-neck cancer has identified a way to manipulate metabolism to potentially curb skin fibrosis -- a common side effect of radiotherapy affecting quality of life of cancer survivors.
The study findings from the laboratory of principal investigator Dr. Fei-Fei Liu, Chief, Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Networ...
Source: Princeton University Jan 04, 2019 6 years ago
By simultaneously tackling two mechanisms for cancer's growth, an experimental therapy reduced the spread of triple-negative breast cancer in a study conducted in mice.
The therapeutic agent, called Tinagl1, is based on a naturally occurring protein and blocks two of the main pathways by which breast cancer cells can grow and migrate out of the primary tumor to spread to other organs in the b...
Source: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. Jan 01, 2019 6 years ago
Scientists have created a cheaper, faster, reproducible diagnostic technique that has the potential to predict the risk of metastasis in prostate cancer.
For patients who are newly diagnosed, or patients previously treated, the risk of metastasis in prostrate cancer is a crucial factor of whether to choose conservative management or undergo further treatment. For prostate as we...
Source: University Of Virginia Dec 19, 2018 6 years ago
Researchers at the University of Virginia School of Medicine have made a discovery about human papillomavirus (HPV) that could lead to new treatments for cervical cancer and other cancers caused by the virus.
HPV is responsible for nearly all cases of cervical cancer and 95 percent of anal cancers. It is the most common sexually transmitted disease, infecting more than 600 million people glo...
Source: Newcastle University Dec 16, 2018 6 years ago
Hope has emerged for patients with a serious type of bone marrow cancer as new research into a therapeutic drug has revealed improved outcomes and survival rates.
In the largest study of its kind, researchers at Newcastle University, UK, have led national research into the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma.
The results, published online today by The Lancet Oncolo...
Source: University of Basel Dec 13, 2018 6 years ago
A widely used diabetes medication combined with an antihypertensive drug specifically inhibits tumor growth—this was discovered by researchers from the University of Basel's Biozentrum two years ago. In a follow-up study, recently published in Cell Reports, the scientists report that this drug cocktail induces cancer cell death by switching off their energy supply.
The widely used...
Source: University of Birmingham Dec 09, 2018 6 years ago
The large scale systematic review published in The Cochrane Library as part of a Special Collection of Cochrane Systematic Reviews bringing together a vast body of research on the accuracy of tests used to diagnose skin cancer. The suite of eleven reviews was led by Dr Jac Dinnes at the University of Birmingham and supported by the Cochrane Skin Group and a team of over 30 researc...
Source: Northwestern University Dec 08, 2018 6 years ago
An extensive study from Northwestern Medicine psanning over two decades, reports that Men with inflammatory bowel disease have four to five times higher risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer.
This is the first report to show men with inflammatory bowel disease have higher than average PSA (prostate-specific antigen) values, and this group also has a significantly higher risk o...
Source: University of Montreal Dec 07, 2018 6 years ago
A team of researchers at the Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC) at Université de Montréal has demonstrated that a cancer vaccine can work. Not only that, it could become an extremely effective, non-invasive and cost-effective cancer -fighting tool.
The team's work was published yesterday in Science Translational Medicine.The discovery repres...
Source: University of Maryland School of Medicine Dec 05, 2018 6 years ago
The Institute of Human Virology (IHV) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM) announced today the discovery that DnaK, a protein of the bacterium mycoplasma, interferes with the mycoplasma-infected cell's ability to respond to and repair DNA damage, a known origin of cancer.
Little or no mycoplasma DnaK DNA sequences were found associated with the tumor, which was ful...
Source: The National Centre for Cancer Research, US Dec 04, 2018 6 years ago
Immunotherapy, the strategy for triggering the patient's own immune system to attack cancer, is proving effective for more tumour types, although to varying degrees. In lung cancer, immunotherapy had proven to extend survival rates for only some variants of the disease. Now, an international clinical trial led by the oncologist Luis Paz-Ares has substantially increased the group of lung cancer...
A research team led by Tufts University engineers has developed a non-invasive method for detecting bladder cancer that might make screening easier and more accurate than current invasive clinical tests involving visual inspection of bladder. In the first successful use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for clinical diagnostic purposes, the researchers have been able to identify signature features ...
Source: University Of Alabama at Birmingham Dec 02, 2018 6 years ago
Preclinical experiments by University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers suggest the cancer drugs vorinostat, belinostat and panobinostat might be repurposed to treat infections caused by human papillomaviruses, or HPVs.
HPV infections caused an estimated 266,000 deaths from cervical cancer worldwide in 2012, according to the World Health Organization. Routine screening by Pap smears or HPV D...
Source: University Of Zurich Nov 30, 2018 6 years ago
Stem cell transplantation is effective against leukemia. In many cases, however, the transferred immune cells of the donor also attack the recipients' healthy tissue—often with fatal consequences. Researchers at the University of Zurich have now identified a molecule that plays a key role in this process. Blocking this molecule could significantly improve the outcome of patients receivin...
Source: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Nov 27, 2018 6 years ago
A new study has identified a novel molecular driver of lethal prostate cancer, along with a molecule that could be used to attack it. The findings were made in laboratory mice. If confirmed in humans, they could lead to more effective ways to control certain aggressive types of prostate cancer, the second-leading cause of cancer death for men in the world.
Men whose prostrate cancer tumor...
Source: University of Minnesota Nov 26, 2018 6 years ago
A new study by University of Minnesota biomedical engineers shows how they stopped cancer cells from moving and spreading, even when the cells changed their movements. The discovery could have a major impact on millions of people undergoing therapies to prevent the spread of cancer within the body.
After targeting the "motors" that generate forces in cancer cells to move, the cancer ce...
Source: Cancer Research UK Nov 22, 2018 6 years ago
Mannose sugar, a nutritional supplement, can both slow tumour growth and enhance the effects of chemotherapy in mice with multiple types of cancer.
This lab study is a step towards understanding how mannose could be used to help treat cancer.
The results of the study, which was funded by Cancer Research UK and Worldwide Cancer Research, are published in Nature.
Tumours ...
Source: British Medical Journal Nov 19, 2018 6 years ago
Based on results of an observational study published earlier this week in The BMJ, angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, compared with a similar, but distinct type of blood pressure medication known as angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs).
Researchers evaluated patients from a U.K. primary care database and identified ove...
Source: University Health Network Nov 15, 2018 6 years ago
Cancer scientists led by principal investigator Dr. Daniel De Carvalho at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre have combined "liquid biopsy", epigenetic alterations and machine learning to develop a blood test to detect and classify cancer at its earliest stages.
The findings, published online today in Nature, describe not only a way to detect cancer, but hold promise of bei...
SOURCE: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE Nov 13, 2018 6 years ago
Uncovering a novel mechanism that promotes growth of breast cancer bone metastasis has revealed a potential Achilles' heel for these cancer cells. Reported in the journal Cancer Cell, the study shows that interfering with this mechanism can reduce the risk of relapses in animal models.
"Metastasis is the dissemination of cancer cells from the original tumor location to other organ...
Source: University Of Minnesota Nov 13, 2018 6 years ago
Researchers from the University of Minnesota, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the University of Toronto have discovered a possible path forward in preventing the development of cancers tied to two viruses, including the virus that causes infectious mononucleosis—more commonly known as mono or the "kissing disease"—that infects millions of people around the globe each...
Source: University of Edinburgh Nov 08, 2018 6 years ago
A pioneering technique designed to spot differences between immune cells in tumours could speed the development of cancer treatments, research suggests.
Scientists say the approach could be used to help doctors choose the best treatments for individual patients and predict which tumours are likely to respond to a particular therapy.
It could help target the use of immunotherapy -- a new ...
Source: Brunel University London Nov 01, 2018 6 years ago
A shift in glucose metabolism hails progression from liver cirrhosis to liver cancer, finds a new study
Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, claiming 700,000 lives each year. Most cases are discovered too late for a cure -- but now a study offers hope of early detection, and targets for new treatments. Published in Frontiers in Cell and De...
Source: University of Otago Nov 01, 2018 6 years ago
University of Otago researchers have used high-resolution electron microscopy images to reveal how an anti-cancer virus interacts with tumor cells, increasing its potential to save lives.
Seneca Valley Virus (SVV), a newly discovered virus which infects cancer cells but not normal tissue, has become a main research project in the New Zealand laboratory of Dr Mihnea Bostina, Academic Director of ...
Source: National News Bureau Of Thailand Oct 25, 2018 6 years ago
Chulalongkorn University’s faculty of medical science has successfully produced a cancer treatment of equivalent efficacy to internationally available drugs in a test tube, and has committed to developing it over the next eight years to serve as an affordable choice for Thai citizens.
Dr. Trairak Pisitkul,Head of Chulalongkorn University’s Systems Biology Center
The rese...
Source: Journal of Controlled Release Oct 24, 2018 6 years ago
Houston Methodist scientists have developed a nanodevice to deliver immunotherapy without side effects to treat triple-negative breast cancer. Inserted straight into a tumor, this nanofluidic seed makes it possible to deliver a one-time, sustained-release dose that would eliminate the need for patients to undergo several IV treatments over time.
MAGE: SMALLER THAN A GRAIN OF RICE, ...
Metastatic breast cancer is cancer that has advanced and spread beyond the breast and regional lymph nodes to other parts of the body. Around 20–50% of patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer will develop metastatic disease and up to 19% of patients with breast cancer already had metastatic disease when they were first diagnosed.
Treatments for metastatic breast cancer aim to allevia...
Source: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Oct 02, 2018 6 years ago
Physicians who specialize in a devastating and aggressive immune disorder called hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) report in a new study that extra care should be taken to ensure an HLH diagnosis doesn't obscure possible underlying cancers.
Because HLH is dangerously aggressive in its progression and attack on vital organs—often causing death—doctors frequently pursue immed...
Source: American Association for Cancer Research Oct 01, 2018 6 years ago
Treatment with a HER2-targeted therapeutic cancer vaccine provided clinical benefit to several patients with metastatic HER2-positive cancers who had not previously been treated with a HER2-targeted therapeutic, according to data from a phase I clinical trial.
Among 11 evaluable patients who had received more than the lowest dose of the vaccine, six (54 percent) had clinical benefit. One patient ...
Source:University of California, Los Angeles Sep 18, 2018 6 years ago
Scientists have long known that circulating tumor cells, rare cancer cells that are released into the bloodstream, have the potential to provide vital information about a person's specific cancer. But until now, they have been unable to reliably access information on how these cells behave. UCLA researchers have created a quick and effective mechanism to measure how these cells perform functio...
Source: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Sep 06, 2018 6 years ago
Scientists at Cedars-Sinai have discovered how prostate cancer can sometimes withstand and outwit a standard hormone therapy, causing the cancer to spread. Their findings also point to a simple blood test that may help doctors predict when this type of hormone therapy resistance will occur.
Prostrate Cancer
Prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death i...
Source: National University of Science and Technology MISIS Aug 28, 2018 6 years ago
A research group consisting of scientists from NUST MISIS, the Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, the University of Duisburg-Essen, and the University of Oldenburg has developed a system that allows doctors to both improve the accuracy of diagnosing malignant cells and to provide additional opportunities for cancer treatment. The magnetoferritin compound is the main el...
Source: National University Of Singapore Aug 08, 2018 6 years ago
A research team led by scientists from the Cancer Institute of Singapore (CSI Singapore) at the National University of Singapore (NUS) has developed a novel peptide drug called FFW that could potentially stop the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or primary liver cancer. This landmark discovery opens the door for more effective treatment of liver cancer with less side effects.
...
Source: Institute for Research in Biomedicine , Barcelona Jul 20, 2018 6 years ago
Scientists in Spain have discovered a mechanism that promotes inflammation-related bowel cancer and could offer new treatment targets.
Researchers may have found a new treatment target for bowel cancer.
The finding concerns the activity of the signaling protein p38 in the myeloid cells of the immune system and that of IGF-1, which is a hormone triggered by p38.
Much of the work was con...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Jul 20, 2018 6 years ago
Taking heart medication during chemotherapy can help minimize heart damage in breast cancer patients.
A common heart medication may help minimize the toxic effects of chemotherapy, based on a clinical trial that tested the use of beta-blockers in breast cancer patients undergoing chemo. Results of the study were recently presented at the American College of Cardiology’s 67th Annual Sci...
Researchers using long-read DNA sequencing have made one of the most detailed maps ever of structural variations in a cancer cell's genome. The map reveals about 20,000 structural variations, few of which have been noted before, in just one cell type associated with one form of breast cancer.
Long-read sequencing enabled the team to reconstruct in great detail the history of how...
Source: Journal Of Cell Biology Jul 13, 2018 6 years ago
Scientists have found it challenging to understand why some breast cancers become resistant to drugs. A recent study concludes that a sticky protein might be the answer.
Fibronectin:A glue-like protein may help to explain breast cancer drug resistance.
The hormone estrogen plays a vital part in the development of breast cancer.
An estimated 70 percent of all bre...
Source: Nature’s Journal Of Science, doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05573-4 Jul 12, 2018 6 years ago
Clinical use of the anticancer drug methotrexate can be limited by its high toxicity. It emerges that a diet rich in the amino acid histidine increases the effectiveness of methotrexate treatment and lowers toxicity in mice.
Methotrexate was one of the first approved anticancer drugs, and is a cornerstone of modern chemotherapy for the treatment of certain solid tumours and blood cancers...
A new approach established at the University of Zurich sheds light on the effects of anti-cancer drugs and the defense mechanisms of cancer cells. The method makes it possible to quickly test various drugs and treatment combinations at the cellular level.
Cancer cells are cells over which the human body has lost control. The fact that they are transformed body cells makes it all the more difficul...
Using high energy ultrasound beams to destroy prostate cancer tumours may be as effective as surgery or radiotherapy, but with fewer side effects.
Ultrasound therapy destroys cancer cells in the prostate (illustrated)
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK, with around 47,000 cases every year. Treatments include surgery to remove the gland, or radiotherapy, which uses radia...
A novel nuclear medicine approach is showing great promise for precision treatment of solid tumors in many types of cancer--including lung, breast, pancreas and ovarian in adults and glioma, neuroblastoma and sarcoma in children. The research was presented today at the SNMMI 2018 Annual Meeting, June 23-26 in Philadelphia.
In 2017, researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Cente...
A viral immunotherapy using a herpes virus to treat brain tumors has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated in a pediatric study from the University of Alabama at Birmingham. The findings, presented today at the International Symposium on Pediatric Neuro-Oncology in Denver, also showed preliminary evidence of effectiveness in killing malignant tumor cells.
The virus, known as G207, i...
Scientists are designing a blood test that could detect cancer before symptoms occur. Early detection allows early treatment and prevents cancer progression.
Cancer is usually diagnosed after a patient has been experiencing symptoms. At this point, the tumor has already grown significantly and often has spread to other organs. Later stage cancers are more difficult to treat, have lower sur...
A new study in mice has revealed a molecular link between a high-fat diet and the growth and spread of prostate cancer. The findings raise the possibility that changes in diet could potentially improve treatment outcomes in some men, the study leaders believe.
In the study, the researchers also showed that an anti-obesity drug that targets a protein that controls fat synthesis could po...
The machine was able to more accurately diagnose malignant melanoma and benign nevi.
The dermatologists accurately detected an average of 86.6 percent of melanomas, compared to the CNN's 95 percent accuracy.
MACHINE MAY BE BETTER than man when it comes to detecting skin cancer in patients.
For the first time, researchers have shown that artificial intelligence known as deep learning c...