BacFITBase, A New Database That Help Identify Therapeutic Targets For Antibiotics Development
Source: Thailand Medical News Nov 21, 2019 5 years, 1 day, 17 hours, 14 minutes ago
A team of researchers from the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and from the Centre of
Genomic Regulation (CRG) has created the
BacFITBase database that would help other medical researchers identify therapeutic targets for the future development of new
antibiotics.
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Typically, infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms capable of entering, colonising and growing within a host organism, thus producing an infection. Bacterial infections have been on the rise worldwide in recent years, but many mechanisms underlying bacterial pathogenesis are still poorly understood. This is highly relevant given the fact that the development of new antimicrobial therapies is largely based on current knowledge of the mechanisms behind these infections. The proteins coded by the bacterial genes are responsible for the thousands of biochemical processes essential for the efficient propagation of the pathogen. Many studies demonstrate, however, that in order to identify these genes, in vivo information is needed on what happens with the bacteria in a real case of an infected host. The in vitro studies, i.e., those recreated in laboratories with cell and bacterial cultures, later do not always correlate with data from in vivo studies.
This is due to the fact that pathogenic bacterial genes essential for producing the infections depend on the environment of the colonised organism.
Based on the results of the in vivo experiments, the researchers systematically characterised the bacterial genes relevant for host cell invasion and infection.
The researchers told
Thailand Medical News that all the experiments performed were based on a technique named transposon mutagenesis, where the DNA fragments called transposons are transferred to the organism's pathogenic genes, thereby inactivating them. By doing so, their role in the infection can be observed directly and researchers can determine which are essential for a specific host organism to become infected. Therefore, this database will make it easier to identify target proteins that can help in fighting infectious diseases and accelerate the development of new antimicrobial agents.
The newly created database contains over 90,000 entries with information on specific pathogenic bacterial genes and their contribution to in vivo infectious conditions in five different host species. It includes information on a total of 15 bacteria (two variants of
Salmonella enterica, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Mycobacterium avium, three variants of
Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Serratia marcescens and
Vibrio parahaemolyticus) and 5 model vertebrates (cow, pig, hen, mouse and rabbit), with information across 10 different tissues.
The only database of its kind,
BacFITBase, published in the journal Nucleic Acids Research, was developed by researchers from the UAB Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Javier Macho and Marc Torrent, alongside researchers from the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CR
G) Benjamin Lang and Gian Gaetano Tartaglia.
Reference: Rendón, et al. (2019) BacFITBase: a database to assess the relevance of bacterial genes during host infection. Nucleic Acids Research DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz931
