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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia has a good outlook or prognosis in children but a poorer outlook in adults. Infant variety of ALL however has a poor prognosis.
Over the past forty years the rates of survival have changed from 0% to 20-75 percent currently. This is mainly due to advances in chemotherapy and efficacy and safety of novel therapies like bone marrow transplantation and stem cell transplants.
There are some common factors that determine a good prognosis. This includes gender. Females tend to survive better after therapy than males for example.
Genetics is another important factor. This is partly determined by ethnicity or race. Caucasians are more likely to develop acute leukemia than African-Americans, Asians and Hispanics. Caucasians are also more likely to respond to therapy and have a better prognosis than others.
Patients with genetic disorders like Down’s syndrome often respond poorly to therapy and may have a poor outlook.
Patients are divided into three groups on the basis of their survival chances. This includes:-